IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON BUSINESS EDUCATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL AND ONLINE LEARNING APPROACHES IN NIGERIA

Authors

  • Musa SK Department of Accounting Education, School of Secondary Education (business), Federal College of Education (Tech) Bichi-Kano, Nigeria
  • Auwalu I International Center of Excellence for Rural Finance and Entrepreneurship, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17501.26307413.2024.7102

Keywords:

Digital transformation, Business education, Traditional learning, Online learning

Abstract

Abstract: The development of digital technology has transformed how firms work, resulting in a dramatic shift in the skills and knowledge required for success in today's business climate. Consequently, business education has had to adapt to these developments to remain relevant. In Nigeria, the conventional face-to-face method of learning has been the predominant mode of instruction in business education. However, as digital technology has been more widely used, online learning has become an appealing option. The impact of digital transformation on business education has been a highly debated topic in recent times, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. Thus, this study aims to compare the traditional and online learning approaches in order to understand the effects of digital transformation on business education in Nigeria. A sample of 351 online and traditional learning environment students was surveyed using purposive sampling. The study used structural equation modeling (SEM) and multi-group analysis (MGA) for data analysis. The result shows that the direct relationship analysis revealed a significant positive impact of digital transformation on business education indicating that the adoption of digital technologies significantly enhances educational outcomes. Furthermore, the MGA results, which compared path coefficients between online and traditional groups, showed a small difference suggesting a consistent impact of digital transformation across both learning modalities. These findings show the importance of integrating digital transformation strategies in educational institutions to improve the quality of business education universally, regardless of the learning environment. This study provides valuable insights for educational policymakers and administrators, advocating for continued investment in digital technologies to foster improved educational experiences and outcomes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aguinis, H., Beaty, J. C., Boik, R. J., & Pierce, C. A. (2005). Effect size and power in assessing moderating effects of categorical variables using multiple regression: a 30-year review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(1), 94.

Ahamed, M. M., & Siddiqui, S. (2021). From the Normal to the New Normal: Reflecting Metamorphosis in Pedagogies. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on CALL, 7.

Ahmed, A. (2015). A preliminary study of ICT’s infrastructure and pedagogical practices for technology integration in Sudanese Secondary schools. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 12(7), 37–54.

Ajah, I. A., & Chigozie-Okwum, C. C. (2019). Prospects of ICT for digital growth and national development in Nigeria. African Research Review, 13(3), 192–203.

Ajisafe, O. E., Bolarinwa, K. O., & Tuke, E. (2015). Issues in Business Education Programme: Challenges to National Transformation. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(21), 208–212.

Akour, M., & Alenezi, M. (2022). Higher education future in the era of digital transformation. Education Sciences, 12(11), 784.

Alemán de la Garza, L., Anichini, A., Antal, P., Beaune, A., Crompton, H., & Tsinakos, A. (2019). Rethinking pedagogy: Exploring the potential of digital technology in achieving quality education.

Alessa, I. A., & Hussein, S. (2023). USING TRADITIONAL AND MODERN TEACHING METHODS ON THE TEACHING PROCESS FROM TEACHERS’OWN PERSPECTIVE. Journal Route Educational & Social Science JournalRoute, 10(2), 65–92.

Alstete, J. W., & Beutell, N. J. (2004). Performance indicators in online distance learning courses: a study of management education. Quality Assurance in Education, 12(1), 6–14.

Altuwairesh, N. (2021). Female Saudi University students’ perceptions of online education amid COVID-19 pandemic. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on Covid, 19.

Ancillai, C., Sabatini, A., Gatti, M., & Perna, A. (2023). Digital technology and business model innovation: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 188, 122307.

Anthony Jnr, B., & Noel, S. (2021). Examining the adoption of emergency remote teaching and virtual learning during and after COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Management, 35(6), 1136–1150.

Arezki, R., Belhaj, F., & Shah, P. (2019). Promoting a new economy for the middle East and North Africa.

Armstrong, M. (2020). Strategic human resource management: A guide to action. kogan-page.

Armstrong, M., & Baron, A. (2002). Strategic HRM: The key to improved business performance. CIPD Publishing.

Bender, T. (2023). Discussion-based online teaching to enhance student learning: Theory, practice and assessment. Taylor & Francis.

Benedek, A. (2021). New Paths to Online Teaching–How Can We Manage Knowledge Transfer and Make the Learning More Enjoyable? Central European Journal of Educational Research, 3(3), 55–62.

Berrett, D. (2012). How ‘flipping’the classroom can improve the traditional lecture. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 12(19), 1–3.

Bin Dahmash, N. (2021). Synchronous and asynchronous English writing classes in the EFL context: Students’ practices and benefits. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Volume, 12.

Boettcher, J. V, & Conrad, R.-M. (2021). The online teaching survival guide: Simple and practical pedagogical tips. John Wiley & Sons.

Bonfield, C. A., Salter, M., Longmuir, A., Benson, M., & Adachi, C. (2020). Transformation or evolution?: Education 4.0, teaching and learning in the digital age. Higher Education Pedagogies, 5(1), 223–246.

Brown, A., & Rich, M. G. (2020). Pedagogy and evaluation: the challenge for business and management degree courses in the 21st century. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 18(2), 84–99.

Bušelić, M. (2012). Distance Learning–concepts and contributions. Oeconomica Jadertina, 2(1), 23–34.

Cain, K. M., Wilkowski, B. M., Barlett, C. P., Boyle, C. D., & Meier, B. P. (2018). Do we see eye to eye? Moderators of correspondence between student and faculty evaluations of day-to-day teaching. Teaching of Psychology, 45(2), 107–114.

Chaiko, Y., Kunicina, N., Patlins, A., & Zhiravetska, A. (2020). Advanced practices: Web technologies in the educational process and science. 2020 IEEE 61th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON), 1–6.

Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 655–690). Springer.

Collins, A., & Halverson, R. (2018). Rethinking education in the age of technology: The digital revolution and schooling in America. Teachers College Press.

Daspit, J. J., & D’Souza, D. E. (2012). Using the community of inquiry framework to introduce wiki environments in blended-learning pedagogies: Evidence from a business capstone course. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 11(4), 666–683.

de Waal, G. A., & Maritz, A. (2022). A disruptive model for delivering higher education programs within the context of entrepreneurship education. Education+ Training, 64(1), 126–140.

Drieschner, C., Passalidis, I., Kienegger, H., & Krcmar, H. (2019). Business model transformation initiated by the digital transformation: A review of learning concepts. 2019 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 1386–1392.

Duarte, P. A. O., & Raposo, M. L. B. (2010). A PLS model to study brand preference: An application to the mobile phone market. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 449–485). Springer.

Edoho, F. M. (2013). Information and communications technologies in the age of globalization: Challenges and opportunities for Africa. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 4(1), 9–33.

Edokpolor, J. E., & Egbri, J. N. (2017). Business education in Nigeria for value re-orientation: A strategic approach for poverty alleviation and national development. Journal of Educational Research and Review (JERR), 5(3), 41–48.

Ezeugbor, C. O. (2014). The administrative process. Educational Management: A Skill Building Approach, 35–56.

Franco, P. P. (2018). Digital retail and how customer-centric technology is reshaping the industry: IT-enabled digital disruption. In Digital multimedia: Concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications (pp. 1560–1580). IGI Global.

Fritz, M. S., Kenny, D. A., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2016). The combined effects of measurement error and omitting confounders in the single-mediator model. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 51(5), 681–697.

Geladi, P., & Kowalski, B. R. (1986). Partial least-squares regression: a tutorial. Analytica Chimica Acta, 185, 1–17.

Giacalone, R. A. (2004). A transcendent business education for the 21st century. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 3(4), 415–420.

Gunawardena, C. N., & McIsaac, M. S. (2013). Distance education. In Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 361–401). Routledge.

Gürbüz, T. (2021). Enabling Digital Transformation in Education and Training: Towards Effective Human Capital Development. In Recent Developments in Individual and Organizational Adoption of ICTs (pp. 228–243). IGI Global.

Hair, J. F. Jr., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M. (2014). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA.

Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C.M. and Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd Editio). Sage Publications Inc.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Thiele, K. O. (2017). Mirror, mirror on the wall: a comparative evaluation of composite-based structural equation modeling methods. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 45(5), 616–632.

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152.

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414–433.

Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285.

Hanelt, A., Bohnsack, R., Marz, D., & Antunes Marante, C. (2021). A systematic review of the literature on digital transformation: Insights and implications for strategy and organizational change. Journal of Management Studies, 58(5), 1159–1197.

Heffernan, M., & Pimpa, N. (2019). Globally transformative student experience: Challenges and opportunities in learning and teaching in the transnational business education program. Intercultural Studies in Higher Education: Policy and Practice, 225–253.

Hénard, F., Diamond, L., & Roseveare, D. (2012). Approaches to internationalisation and their implications for strategic management and institutional practice. IMHE Institutional Management in Higher Education, 11(12), 2013.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In New challenges to international marketing. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Horváth, D., & Szabó, R. Z. (2019). Driving forces and barriers of Industry 4.0: Do multinational and small and medium-sized companies have equal opportunities? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 119–132.

Hsu, C.-Y., & Wu, T.-T. (2023). Application of Business Simulation Games in Flipped Classrooms to Facilitate Student Engagement and Higher-Order Thinking Skills for Sustainable Learning Practices. Sustainability, 15(24), 16867.

Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 195–204.

Israel, G. D. (1992). Sampling the evidence of extension program impact. Citeseer.

Jegede, D. (2019). Challenges facing the administration of ICT infrastructural facilities in public primary schools in Nigeria. Electronic Research Journal of Engineering, Computer and Applied Sciences, 1(2019), 30–40.

Jiménez-Crespo, M. A. (2015). The Internet in translation education: Two decades later. Translation and Interpreting Studies. The Journal of the American Translation and Interpreting Studies Association, 10(1), 33–57.

Kan, K. H. (2011). Meeting Face to Face= Seeing Eye to Eye?: Interglobal Dialogue via Videoconference. International Journal of Education & the Arts, 12(10), n10.

Khalifa, S. A. M., Mohamed, B. S., Elashal, M. H., Du, M., Guo, Z., Zhao, C., Musharraf, S. G., Boskabady, M. H., El-Seedi, H. H. R., & Efferth, T. (2020). Comprehensive overview on multiple strategies fighting COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(16), 5813.

Khin, S., & Ho, T. C. F. (2019). Digital technology, digital capability and organizational performance: A mediating role of digital innovation. International Journal of Innovation Science, 11(2), 177–195.

Kim, R., Olfman, L., Ryan, T., & Eryilmaz, E. (2014). Leveraging a personalized system to improve self-directed learning in online educational environments. Computers & Education, 70, 150–160.

Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford publications.

Kontkanen, S. (2018). Starting points of pre-service teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK): introducing a proto-TPACK model. Itä-Suomen yliopisto.

Krejcie, R. V, & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610.

Kumar, P., Kumar, A., Palvia, S., & Verma, S. (2019). Online business education research: Systematic analysis and a conceptual model. The International Journal of Management Education, 17(1), 26–35.

Lang, J. M. (2021). Small teaching: Everyday lessons from the science of learning. John Wiley & Sons.

Laurillard, D., & Kennedy, E. (2017). The potential of MOOCs for learning at scale in the Global South. Center for Global Higher Education, 13.

Lesinskis, K., Mavlutova, I., Spilbergs, A., & Hermanis, J. (2023). Digital Transformation in Entrepreneurship Education: The Use of a Digital Tool KABADA and Entrepreneurial Intention of Generation Z. Sustainability, 15(13), 10135.

Löffler, A., Levkovskyi, B., Prifti, L., Kienegger, H., & Krcmar, H. (2019). Teaching the digital transformation of business processes: design of a simulation game for information systems education.

Ma, Z., Li, L., & Johnson, J. C. E. (2023). Thriving in a Pandemic: Lessons Learned from a Resilient University Program Seen Through the CoI Lens. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2310.20183.

Malık, S. K., & Khurshed, F. (2011). Nature Of Teacher-Students’ Interaction In Electronic Learning And Traditional Courses Of Higher Education-A Review. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 12(4), 157–166.

Manda, M. I., & Ben Dhaou, S. (2019). Responding to the challenges and opportunities in the 4th Industrial revolution in developing countries. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance, 244–253.

Maresch, D., Harms, R., Kailer, N., & Wimmer-Wurm, B. (2016). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intention of students in science and engineering versus business studies university programs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 104, 172–179.

Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Baki, M. (2013). The effectiveness of online and blended learning: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Teachers College Record, 115(3), 1–47.

Mehra, A., Gupta, O., & Avikal, S. (2023). Finding the combined effect of academic and non-academic performance on management students’ placement: A fuzzy logic approach. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(3), 100837.

Mian, S. H., Salah, B., Ameen, W., Moiduddin, K., & Alkhalefah, H. (2020). Adapting universities for sustainability education in industry 4.0: Channel of challenges and opportunities. Sustainability, 12(15), 6100.

Mikalef, P., & Parmiggiani, E. (2022). An introduction to digital transformation. Digital Transformation in Norwegian Enterprises, 1.

Morgan, S. L. (2005). On the edge of commitment: Educational attainment and race in the United States. Stanford University Press.

Morze, N. V, & Strutynska, O. V. (2021). Digital transformation in society: key aspects for model development. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1946(1), 12021.

Mpungose, C. B. (2020). Emergent transition from face-to-face to online learning in a South African University in the context of the Coronavirus pandemic. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 7(1), 1–9.

Nwosu, A. N., & Okoro, E. A. (2019). Identification of strategies for preparing business education students for global competitiveness. Nigerian Journal of Business Education (NIGJBED), 6(1), 123–134.

Okoroma, N. S. (2006). Educational policies and problems of implementation in Nigeria:[National Policy on Education in Nigeria.]. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 46(2), 243–263.

Oliveira, K. K. de S., & De Souza, R. A. C. (2022). Digital transformation towards education 4.0. Informatics in Education, 21(2), 283–309.

Oviawe, J. I., Uwameiye, R., & Uddin, P. S. O. (2017). Bridging skill gap to meet technical, vocational education and training school-workplace collaboration in the 21st century. International Journal of Vocational Education and Training Research, 3(1), 7–14.

Padmavathi, M. (2017). Preparing teachers for technology based teaching-learning using TPACK. Journal on School Educational Technology, 12(3), 1–9.

Pallavi, D. R., Ramachandran, M., & Chinnasamy, S. (2022). An empirical study on effectiveness of e-learning over conventional class room learning–a case study with respect to online degree programmes in higher education. Recent Trends in Management and Commerce, 3(1), 25–33.

Par, L. (2022). Integrating TPACK into English language teaching before and during covid-19 pandemic: The state of the art. English Language Education Journal (ELEJ), 1(2), 49–72.

Pucciarelli, F., & Kaplan, A. (2016). Competition and strategy in higher education: Managing complexity and uncertainty. Business Horizons, 59(3), 311–320.

Rogers, D. L. (2016). The digital transformation playbook: Rethink your business for the digital age. Columbia University Press.

Sadeghi, M. (2019). A shift from classroom to distance learning: Advantages and limitations. International Journal of Research in English Education, 4(1), 80–88.

Salomon, G. (2012). Interaction of media, cognition, and learning: An exploration of how symbolic forms cultivate mental skills and affect knowledge acquisition. Routledge.

Schwab, K. (2017). The fourth industrial revolution. Currency.

Selwyn, N. (2012). Education in a digital world: Global perspectives on technology and education. Routledge.

Selya, A. S., Rose, J. S., Dierker, L. C., Hedeker, D., & Mermelstein, R. J. (2012). A practical guide to calculating Cohen’s f2, a measure of local effect size, from PROC MIXED. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 111.

Sevillano-Monje, V., Martín-Gutiérrez, Á., & Hervás-Gómez, C. (2022). The flipped classroom and the development of competences: A teaching innovation experience in higher education. Education Sciences, 12(4), 248.

Siddoo, V., Sawattawee, J., Janchai, W., & Yodmongkol, P. (2017). Exploring the competency gap of IT students in Thailand: the employers’ view of an effective workforce. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 9(2).

Simonson, M., Zvacek, S. M., & Smaldino, S. (2019). Teaching and learning at a distance: Foundations of distance education 7th edition.

Somsuk, N., Wonglimpiyarat, J., & Laosirihongthong, T. (2012). Technology business incubators and industrial development: resource‐based view. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(2), 245–267.

Steele, P., Burleigh, C., Bailey, L., & Kroposki, M. (2020). Studio thinking framework in higher education: Exploring options for shaping immersive experiences across virtual reality/augmented reality curricula. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 48(3), 416–439.

Stoian, C. E., Fărcașiu, M. A., Dragomir, G.-M., & Gherheș, V. (2022). Transition from online to face-to-face education after COVID-19: The benefits of online education from students’ perspective. Sustainability, 14(19), 12812.

Strømmen-Bakhtiar, A. (2020). Introduction to Digital Transformation: and its impact on society. Informing Science Press.

Suarta, I. M., & Suwintana, I. K. (2021). The new framework of employability skills for digital business. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1833(1), 12034.

Sun, J. C.-Y., & Wu, Y.-T. (2016). Analysis of learning achievement and teacher–student interactions in flipped and conventional classrooms. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(1), 79–99.

Titthasiri, W. (2013). A comparison of e-learning and traditional learning: Experimental approach. International Conference on Mobile Learning, E-Society and E-Learning Technology (ICMLEET)–Singapore on November, 6–7.

Tofade, T., Elsner, J., & Haines, S. T. (2013). Best practice strategies for effective use of questions as a teaching tool. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 77(7), 155.

Ukata, P. F., Wechie, N., & Nmehielle, E. L. (2017). Instructional strategies and teaching of business education in higher institutions in Rivers State. International Journal of Education and Evaluation, 3(9), 20–36.

Varghese, N. V. (2004). Private higher education in Africa. International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP). UNESCO, Geneva.

Vial, G. (2021). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. Managing Digital Transformation, 13–66.

Wahyuni, T., & Tjala, A. (2023). MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION in SCHOOLS. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 4(1), 41–46.

Wang, C., & Tsay, L.-J. (2023). Toward Teaching Innovatively: L2 Teachers’ Belief Change and Development. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics, 46(4), 625–644.

Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52(3), 326–349.

West, D. M. (2012). Digital schools: How technology can transform education. Brookings Institution Press.

Whitaker, J., New, J. R., & Ireland, R. D. (2016). MOOCs and the Online Delivery of Business Education What’s new? What’s not? What now? Academy of Management Learning & Education, 15(2), 345–365.

Willcocks, L., Lacity, M., & Craig, A. (2017). Robotic process automation: strategic transformation lever for global business services? Journal of Information Technology Teaching Cases, 7(1), 17–28.

Wong, K. K.-K. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 1–32.

Yeo, S. C., Lai, C. K. Y., Tan, J., Lim, S., Chandramoghan, Y., Tan, T. K., & Gooley, J. J. (2023). Early morning university classes are associated with impaired sleep and academic performance. Nature Human Behaviour, 7(4), 502–514.

Yuliansyah, Y., Rammal, H. G., Maryani, M., Mohamed Jais, I. R., & Mohd-Sanusi, Z. (2021). Organizational learning, innovativeness and performance of financial service firms in an emerging market: examining the mediation effects of customer-focused strategy. Business Process Management Journal, 27(4), 1126–1141.

Zavgorodniaia, A., Shrestha, R., Leinonen, J., Hellas, A., & Edwards, J. (2021). Morning or evening? an examination of circadian rhythms of cs1 students. 2021 IEEE/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training (ICSE-SEET), 261–272.

Žemaitis, K. (2022). Overcoming challenges of using video conferencing technology in small and medium-sized enterprises. Kauno technologijos universitetas.

Downloads

Published

2025-05-28

How to Cite

SK, M., & I, A. (2025). IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON BUSINESS EDUCATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL AND ONLINE LEARNING APPROACHES IN NIGERIA. Proceedings of the International Conference on Future of Education, 7(01), 10–32. https://doi.org/10.17501.26307413.2024.7102