Proceedings of the International Conference on Hospitality and Tourism Management
ISSN 2424-6743 (Online) Proceedings of the International Conference on Hospitality and Tourism Management are open-access double-blind peer-reviewed conference proceeding which publishes original scientific research papers, reviews and case studies related to Hospitality and Tourism. The scope includes issues related to Crises management and tourism futures, Hospitality and Tourism Education and many more. Learn more about ICOHT Conference
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EVALUATING COMPLIANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY IN POTENTIAL ECOTOURISM SITES IN AKLAN: INSIGHTS FOR POLICY
This Study explores the role of ecotourism in Aklan, focusing on its societal impact, the importance of monitoring and evaluation, and compliance levels at ecotourism sites monitored by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and the Provincial Tourism Office of Aklan. Aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15, the research assesses adherence to ecotourism standards across potential ecotourism sites in Aklan, emphasizing sustainability. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys and interviews with Tourism Officers, Barangay Captains, locals, and tourists from seven municipalities. The Ecotourism Tracking Tool, developed by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) in collaboration with the Department of Tourism (DOT) and other relevant stakeholders, with eight standards, was used for site assessments. Findings revealed that the participant demographic was predominantly local, educated, and female. Compliance with ecotourism standards was moderate, with gaps identified in waste management and environmental education. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between compliance and the implementation of best practices, such as community involvement and sustainable resource management. Challenges included inconsistent enforcement of regulations, limited monitoring capacity, and the need for coordination among stakeholders. However, best practices, particularly in community-based tourism, were identified as key drivers of sustainability, environmental conservation, and local economic benefits. The Study provides insights into the enhancement of monitoring by the DENR and strategies by the Department of Tourism (DOT). It offers a foundation for policy recommendations to promote Aklan’s sustainable development as an ecotourism destination and improve its global competitiveness.
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SUSTAINABLE CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM IN HUE CITY, VIETNAM: FOCUSING ON NGUYEN DYNASTY CEREMONIES
Hue, the singular former capital of Vietnam, remarkably preserves its royal architectural integrity and a wealth of unique, culturally rich traditional ceremonies. In the specific context of Thừa Thiên Huế Province in Vietnam, the UNESCO recognition of its cultural heritages has the potential to transform the region into a global heritage city. For several decades in the 20th and 21st centuries, Hue has consistently emerged as a pivotal center of tourism in Vietnam. This study delves into the realm of cultural heritage preservation and interpretation, with a keen focus on identifying Hue's intrinsic cultural elements. The objective is to foster sustainable and systematic development of cultural heritage tourism in this UNESCO-acclaimed eight heritages city. Employing a globally recognized value-based approach to heritage conservation and enhancement, the paper methodically employs qualitative research methodologies. These include a comprehensive literature review, analysis of diverse documentary sources (both official and private), semi-participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and field studies. The findings illuminate the profound influence of religious and spiritual values in shaping Hue’s cultural identity and directly impacting the urban planning, architectural design, and functional aspects of the city’s edifices. The research thereby lays a scientific groundwork for developing strategies in cultural heritage tourism; it is anchored in a comprehensive narrative centered on the ceremonial practices of the Nguyen Dynasty, with a particular emphasis on the Nam Giao Sacrifice. This exploration not only reinforces the cultural significance of Hue but also charts a course for its future as a beacon of cultural heritage tourism.
DANCE FOR CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY: INDIGENOUS ECO-TOURISM AT ANNAH RAIS LONGHOUSE IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA
This study foregrounds dance as a key promoter of indigenous tourism through the narratives of living artists at the longhouse of the Bidayuh community in Annah Rais. Annah Rais longhouse is located in Padawan, in the east Malaysian state of Sarawak, about 65km from the capital city of Kuching. This longhouse is designated as the eco-tourism site, hence, community-based tourism and cultural performances such as music and dance intertwine in this site to promote indigenous or ethnic culture and perpetuate Bidayuh identity while helping the community to improve income through arts-based tourism. This is a qualitative study that focuses on ethnography. This study draws data from fieldwork, especially through observations and interviews with key people in the longhouse to examine how indigenous dances contribute to both economic empowerment and the preservation of cultural heritage. The Bidayuh culture is epitomized by the Brangi Ba’uh (eagle dance), a pride of the Land Dayak community. It is presented as a welcoming dance, followed by the participatory dance, Samah Brangi (also called as the long dance). This study articulates that dance is not only a crucial element to boost eco-tourism as it stands as an attraction for day tours and homestays, but also a medium for cultural transmission and community engagement. Although sustainability is being threatened by the aging population of artists, migration of younger generations to urban cities, the risk of cultural misrepresentation, Annah Rais continues to persevere through various strategies. This research will show that the indigenous tourism’s survival in Borneo depends a large part on the preservation of arts and culture. Presenting “original” ethnic dances is vital role in this process, a significant finding that has been ignored in existing scholarships.
INTEGRATING ISLAMIC CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS VALUES INTO TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN GCC COUNTRIES: CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CASE STUDIES
This study examines the impact of Islamic values on the tourism industry in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, highlighting the balance between promoting tourism growth and preserving religious and cultural traditions. It explores how Islamic principles are incorporated into tourism policies, infrastructure, and visitor experiences, with specific attention to case studies from Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Qatar, and Kuwait. The research employs a qualitative approach, using thematic analysis and case study methodologies, to provide a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities in integrating Islamic values into tourism. Key themes include cultural preservation, community engagement, and sustainable development, offering strategic insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders. This paper contributes to the growing field of Islamic tourism by proposing a practical framework that aligns economic growth with cultural and religious authenticity, ensuring a sustainable and inclusive future for tourism in the GCC.
ANALYSIS OF RESILIENCE RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF TOURISM
Recent disruptions such as natural disasters, economic crises, and the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly increased interest in resilience studies and resilience has emerged as a prominent topic within the realm of tourism and hotel management literature. In this context, the study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of articles focusing on resilience across six of the most influential SSCI-indexed tourism journals. The database of these journals was searched using keywords such as "Resilience, Resilient, and Resiliency". Data retrieval was facilitated through the ZOTERO program, and articles were subsequently ranked based on their frequency using the ATLAS.Ti program. These data were then transferred to Excel, and 133 articles appearing more than 10 times were selected. The findings indicate a surge in the popularity of resilience-related articles in tourism and hospitality literature, largely attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent crises, and the highest number of articles is in the IJCHM journal. When the articles are examined according to the methods used on a journal basis in the research, it has been seen that the number of articles on resilience made with bibliometric methods (% 3, 9) is quite limited. Within the scope of the research, the articles on resilience are largely firm-centric and it is understood that the studies conducted mostly focus on tourism businesses and their employees, while destination or community-centered studies are more limited. Also, from the research findings, it is possible to say that the articles in these journals are more focused on employee level, and human and psychological capital. In addition, it is understood that the articles are mostly reactive and there are a limited number of proactive resilience articles. As a result of the bibliometric analysis, while conceptual studies and individual-level research, there exists a notable gap in bibliometric research at the organizational and destination levels.
A CROSS-GENERATIONAL INVESTIGATION OF TOURISM DECISION-MAKING ON SOCIAL MEDIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR MARKETING AND DESTINATION MANAGEMENT
This study examines the generation's impact on tourists’ decision-making characteristics when selecting a tourist destination through social media platforms. The target group for this study consists of those who utilize social media platforms to gather information about tourist destinations before choosing to visit. A non-probability sampling approach, using a purposive sampling method derived from a survey administered through a questionnaire, was used to collect primary data from 338 respondents across generations. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29 and Manova, followed by post-hoc tests (Bonferroni and Games-Howell). The measurement of tourists’ decision-making process incorporates various factors, including Cultural Influence, Social Influence, Personal Characteristics, and Psychological Factors. In addition, Marketing Influence was also considered. The results revealed that the variable Generation significantly influences Cultural Influence, Social Influence, Personal Characteristics, Psychological Influence, and Marketing Influence simultaneously and partially. In particular, when considered separately, Generation has a significant impact on Cultural Influence, Social Influence, Personal Characteristics, Psychological Influence, and Marketing Influence. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into the impact of generation on tourists’ decision-making characteristics and its implications for tourism marketing and management. These findings highlight the importance of considering generational differences when developing social media strategies to engage tourists and understanding how these differences shape the tourism decision-making process. This study enhances the ability of destination marketers to engage tourists and promote their travel products and services. Theoretical contributions of this study include understanding how generations influence tourism destination decisions, exploring the role of cultural, social, personal, psychological, and marketing factors in tourist decision-making, and highlighting the significance of social media in destination marketing. Managerial contributions include suggestions for tailoring marketing tactics to visitors’ interests and social connections, understanding existing and prospective tourist personas, and prioritizing digital media in tourism destination management.
REDIFINE THE CHALLENGES OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM EDUCATION FOR A SEISMIC SHIFT
While hospitality and Tourism education is relatively new to the country, it is being recognized as vital for the growth of the industry. Thus, drawing on quantative data gathered from Advanced Level Accommodation Operations students (Batch no.237) at Sri Lanka Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management (SLITHM), this research paper sheds light on their perceptions of significant challenges facing contemporary Hospitality and Tourism education. These include: engaging contemporary students particularly through new technologies; resource pressures and the distinctiveness of hospitality management education; ongoing tensions between hospitality's intellectual development and its practice focus; and new course structures, delivery modes and partnerships. The study also investigates their views on how those are likely to expand in the future. The purpose of this research was to redefine these challenges and find innovation keys to mitigate those challenges for revamping Hospitality and Tourism education. Self-designed 04 questionnaires and 02 interviews were utilized to collect data from all the 25 Accommodation Operations students. The students’ responses were carefully analyzed and evaluated to find the reasons for the challenges. The main reasons were the less exposure to the Hospitality and Tourism industry and new technology, lack of leadership skills, internationalization, innovative teaching methodologies and simulation activities. Hence field trips, experiential learning, personality and leadership development workshops, trainings for online learning and introduced overseas programmes in the pursuit of internationalization as strategies for diversity in Hospitality and Tourism education which yielded favourable results. According to the results of this research it is highly recommended that the curriculum might be improved by creating modules of related courses, applying a cross-disciplinary approach to studies, using corresponding teaching-learning methods and creating a supportive learning environment, initiating autonomous learning for the students and motivating them for studies for a seismic shift.
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STAYCATION: A MYSTERIOUS POWER TO RESTORE STUDY ENGAGEMENT
The COVID-19 pandemic still imprisons people’s travel in China, which leads to the mental health crisis, especially for students of generation Z. Simultaneously, the staycation which is one of the relatively safe ways of traveling under the epidemic prevention and control have been promoted by the government and received attention. The purpose of this research is to investigate how to make students restore from staycation travel products and promote their study engagement, which is a background of insufficient research in education. Based on the research design of the survey, valid data were collected with an online questionnaire survey among 415 college students studying in Macau and were analyzed. Study findings supported the hypothesized relationships and revealed that a positive relationship between staycation involvement and study engagement of students. In addition, the relationship between staycation involvement and study engagement is mediated by restoration, psychological capital and intrinsic motivation. For university educators, these insights are beneficial in developing innovative instructional approaches to solve issues with students’ mental health. As a consequence, this research spans the social science discilines of psychology, tourism and education. The study’s theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
THE EFFECT OF DESTINATION TRUST ON TOURISTS’ TRAVEL INTENTION AFTER THE COVID-19
Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, destinations are facing the crisis of losing benefits, tourists and reputations, and the negative evaluations of destination performances. Trust is an important variable which has been used in crisis management and destination development. Moreover, destination trust can be used as an effective tool to increase tourists’ travel intention and revitalize tourism after the COVID-19. However, limited studies have examined the role of destination trust in tourists’ travel decision after the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to explore antecedents of destination trust from cognitive perspective and to examine the role of destination trust in tourists’ travel behaviors after the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire from Mainland Chinese tourists who plan to travel to Macau after the pandemic in May and June 2022. The results showed that destination trust was influenced by destination image, destination reputation and knowledge of government performance. Destination image and reputation were important antecedents of travel intention. Destination reputation had the strongest impact on destination trust and travel intention. This study extends the existing literature and provides a new conceptual framework to examine travel intention by emphasizing the effect of destination trust. From practical implications, this study provides suggestions to destinations to deal with crisis caused by the pandemic, and to facilitate the recovery of tourism industry. Destination managers should provide satisfying performances, and rebuild strong destination images and reputation to increase tourists’ trust of destination and travel intention after the COVID-19.
EEFFECTIVENESS OF OPERATIONAL MANUALS ON EDUCATION FOR YOUNG WORKERS IN JAPANESE-STYLE HOTELS
Japanese-style hotels (ryokans) play an important role in the tourism sector in Japan. Among overseas people planning to visit Japan, 73% wanted to stay in a ryokan before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, ryokans do not have well-organized training programs for young workers to satisfy the diverse needs of guests. This study examined the educational effectiveness of operational manuals for development of hospitality to satisfy these needs. Questionnaire and interview surveys were conducted at ryokans to examine the educational effectiveness of the manuals, using Kolb's experiential learning model. The questionnaire items were related to the educational effects of the manuals. The target area was a regional city in Ishikawa Prefecture, where the Shinkansen bullet train opened in 2015. An analysis of the survey data on young employee development and the potential value of work manuals for ryokans led to two conclusions. First, partial manuals including an appropriate amount of explicit knowledge were effective in supporting two steps in Kolb’s theory: reflective observation and abstract conceptualization. Second, four elements of updating of manuals: customer needs, opinions of person in charge, opinions of outsiders and regular updates, influenced a presentation of an appropriate quality of explicit knowledge, which can promote abstract conceptualization and support acquisition of tacit knowledge. The study showed the usefulness of utilizing partial manuals in the early stages of training of employees in ryokans. This implies that the representation of explicit knowledge enhances the effectiveness of training. In particular, the partial manuals can facilitate two steps in Kolb’s theory (reflective observation and abstract conceptualization) in the ryokan industry.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISM UNDERLYING THE MANNERS OF CHINESE TOURISTS AT ENTERTAINMENT EVENTS
Chinese tourists are increasing in number around the world. However, despite their positive economic impact, they negatively affect the residents and business operators at their destinations in terms of poor manners according to the e-WOM (word of mouth) Japanese travel web site and interviews conducted in Thailand. Although measures have been taken, these have been limited to the separation of Chinese tourists and compulsory rules concerning manners, and there has been no study involving adequate communication with the tourists themselves. Therefore, it was attempted to understand the Chinese psychological mechanism for service companies to be able to communicate effectively with Chinese tourists. Through a questionnaire-based experiment to investigate adult Chinese prosocial behavior at entertainment events, the empirical validity of a developmentalpsychology-based hypothesis concerning the effect of attachment style was tested. As a result, it was found that the positiveness of the view of others has a positive effect on considering the perspectives of others, on an empathic interest in others, and on an expectation of others having a good reputation. However, only the empathic interest in others and the expectation of others having a good reputation positively affects prosocial behavior. Consequently, the mechanism of prosocial behavior of adult Chinese consumers was identified, which will enable business operators to build a more effective communication strategy with such consumers.
MEASURES TO REVITALIZE INDUSTRIAL TOURISM IN THE NAGOYA AND CHUKYO AREAS OF JAPAN USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of tourists dropped dramatically in most tourist destinations. Industrial tourism can be regarded as a powerful form of community-based tourism in a post-COVID-19 world. This study proposes measures to revitalize industrial tourism in Japan through a case study Nagoya and Chukyo. It analyzes questionnaire survey results from users of industrial tourism facilities using structural equation modeling. Four hundred users of six industrial tourism facilities were surveyed. First, an exploratory factor analysis on the results of the questionnaire surveys was conducted. Then, three factors—"Smooth facility tour", "Dynamism and novelty of the exhibition", and "Purchase of products and services encountered"—were extracted and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The following results were obtained; the latent variables "Smooth facility tour (pass coefficient of standardized solution: 0.600)" and "Purchase of products and services encountered (0.237)" had a positive effect on the observation variable "Satisfaction with the facility". Furthermore, "Dynamism and novelty of the exhibition (-0.332)" had a negative effect on "Satisfaction with the facility". Therefore, the results suggest that new attractions should be added for users who seek dynamic and novel industrial exhibitions in Nagoya and Chukyo. Specific examples include more immersive exhibitions, provision of experience-based programs, and proposals for model courses that include other facilities.
HOW DO TRAVEL APPS AFFECT STUDENT’S VISIT EXPERIENCE AND PLACE ATTACHMENT IN LOCAL TRAVEL? THE MODERATING ROLE OF UNIVERSITY IMAGE
The lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated local travel activities, and college students have become the main tourists in this kind of tourism. As newcomers to the home city of the university, students may show more curiosity about exploring and learning the new living environment. College students may cultivate a strong attachment to their university when they have learnt in depth about their new living home. Lockdown at home has aroused students’ desire and need to travel, and offered these potential tourists sufficient time to plan their trip via mobile travel apps. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between college student’s using behavior of travel apps and the place attachment in the home city to their university. Present, tourists have become to enjoy planning and designing their trip by themselves, and travel apps are expected to offer more fun when offering information. Perceived enjoyment was thus adopted as an external variable, and the image of university was adopted as a moderating factor in the extended TAM model. Regarding that Macau is a famous destination with historical heritage and owns several international universities, a survey was conducted with a valid sample of 153 college students studying in Macau. Results showed that perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment mediate the relationship between ease of use and visit experience. Student’s visit experience has a significant effect on place attachment of the city where their universities are located. And image of university moderated the relationship between visit experience and place attachment. This study contributed to discovering the psychological influence of mobile technology on the new generation of college students. Practical implications and limitations are discussed accordingly.
SOCIAL MEDIA AS MODERN PLATFORM TO CREATE AWARENESS OF SONOBUDOYO AND SANDI MUSEUMS IN YOGYAKARTA INDONESIA
Museum awareness through social media has been developing gradually. A previous study related to the topic found that museum social media was not well managed. It was related to the human resources competence in social media management even now it is defeated by better solution to have consultant or outsourcing. Good museum management will certainly have positive impact on the number of visits. However, not all museums have enough number of human resources and also have clear procedures for the use of related social media to increase the number of visits. The general objective of this study is to describe the maximum use of social media in order to increase the number of museum visits in Yogyakarta that specifically focuses on the types of social media and the strategies used to build awareness and interest in visiting the museum. The research method is a mixed qualitative quantitative approach in Sonobudoyo and Sandi museums in Yogyakarta, Indonesia as both museums have active social media. The respondents were thirty-nine Instagram followers of Sonobudoyo and thirty-eight followers of Sandi's Instagram. This study concludes that the two museums have good implementation of Social Media Marketing through Instagram and there is an increase in the number of visits after the social media used and entertainment content are well managed as the best strategy. It is suggested that the result of this study can provide solutions and input for other museums in Indonesia to become the preferred tourism destination to develop social media through the right Social Media Marketing (SMM) strategy to attract attention and interest of visitors, especially young people as the targets set by the government.
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CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND TOURISM SUSTAINABILITY: AN OVERVIEW
The last few decades have witnessed unprecedented tourism growth, accompanied by the unstoppable growth of adverse effects, including the excessive number of visitors in tourist destinations, which have caused them to exceed their carrying capacity. The saturation of tourist destinations has led governments to adopt measures as soon as possible to safeguard the environment through a sustainability-oriented approach. As one of the most profitable sectors for governments, the tourism industry must be at the forefront of the global sustainability challenge. In this context, the circular economy, with its approach geared towards a gradual move away from linear-traditional resource management, seems to lend itself well to this. Indeed, tourism is a product of the linear model; nevertheless, it can be integrated into circular systems. This work aims to present what is meant by the circular economy, highlighting its main aspects and presenting the most relevant circularity issues in tourism. The authors' primary purpose was to provide a review of the works conducted in the last years to clarify what has been discussed in the context of circular tourism. Consequently, a conceptual framework of the topics involved has been implemented to overview the circular economy and tourism-related issues. A particular focus on the business models of the circular economy, with a brief application to the tourism sector, is proposed. The results show the lack of contributions in the literature in terms of circular economy and circular tourism; finally, in the conclusions, the authors emphasize the importance of sustainability of tourism mobility
ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND CARRYING CAPACITY OF DIVING AND SNORKELING IN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON KARIMUNJAWA
Sintok and Cilik islands of Karimunjawa are located in an area with potentials for SCUBA diving and snorkeling tourism. While these areas are developed into tourist destinations, efforts to preserve the environment need to be carried out. As a consequence, assessment of diving and snorkeling tourism management needs to be conducted by referring to indicators pertaining to the environmental aspects specified by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). The carrying capacity of the diving and snorkeling tourism sites needs to be measured so that the area can be a sustainable tourism destination. The objective of the study is to conduct an assessment of environmental aspects as an effort in implementing sustainable tourism development. Another objective is to identify the Tourism Suitability Index (TSI) and carrying capacity of the SCUBA diving and snorkeling tourism sites in Sintok and Cilik islands. The research methods employed were in-depth interviews and field observations. Study results indicate that Sintok island and Cilik island scored 23 and 24, respectively, for the environmental aspects in sustainable tourism development, with an average value of 3 for both islands. Based on these scores, they are categorized as “fairly suitable” with sustainable tourism development. The TSI scores obtained for SCUBA diving and snorkeling tourism in Sintok and Cilik islands are categorized as “highly suitable” (S1) and “fairly suitable” (S2). The tourism area’s carrying capacity of the SCUBA diving and snorkeling tourism sites in Sintok island is 2,406 persons/day, while Cilik island’s carrying capacity is 510 persons/day.
ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITY LEVEL OF KUIN TOURISM VILLAGE MANAGEMENT USING THE INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM AWARD (ISTA) CRITERIA
Kampung Kuin (Kuin Tourism Village), located in Banjarmasin City, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, became one of the tourist villages selected by the Ministry of Tourism to be included in the 2010 PNPM Mandiri Tourism Program. However, the results of the monitoring and evaluation report of Kuin Tourism Village were never found. They were not found on the Ministry of Tourism website because the public could access only the PNPM Mandiri Tourism program from 2013. Thus, it is not known precisely how the program will run, and its success in Kuin Tourism Village as one of the tourist villages included in the program. Furthermore, Kuin Tourism Village has started losing its magic over time and no longer become an attractive destination in Banjarmasin or South Kalimantan. Therefore, this study aims to determine the implications of Kuin Tourism Village as a tourist village and level of sustainability by conducting an assessment using Categories A & B of the ISTA Criteria and then formulating a management strategy with a SWOT analysis using the IFAS matrix. This research is mix method which correlation between qualitative and quantitative methods. Research where the data collection methods used were interviews, observation, documentation; and tabulating the data. The data collection results showed that Kuin Tourism Village received a sustainable predicate with a final score of 278 and was included in Quadrant I (growth) on the SWOT diagram (S-O Strategy). However, two problems were found which hindered the management. Therefore, a formulated 14-point strategy aims to overcome and put Kuin Tourism Village as a leading tourist area again, with a more sustainable direction. Finally, the surrounding community will benefit economically from tourism activities.
THE INTENTION TO REVISIT MALAYSIAN TOURISM IN THE POST COVID-19 PERIOD
Within the unprecedented situation, Malaysian rural tourism was badly hit by the COVID-19 outbreak that reverberated across the global economy. This study represents the interdependency of revisit intention that correlated with rural tourism stigma and trust to excess the COVID-19 preventive efforts in uplifting the rural tourism in the country. As Malaysian daily COVID-19 cases are under control starting from November 2021, it is the appropriate time to study on the intention to revisit. Theory of planned behavior was applied to define the likelihood of tourists revisiting the rural tourism destination after COVID-19 or in the future. Results indicate that the current development of pandemic arises the concern among tourists and influences their trust to revisit. 298 responses analyses to examined to impede meaningful investigation for regional planning and remote area tourism development from the views of stakeholders, the planning agencies, and communities. The result of the study has shown that attitude, fear of COVID-19, and compliance have a positive and significant influence on trust. Likewise, trust has a positive and significant influence on intention, while compliance has the strongest influence on trust. Hence, this study is essential to highlight factors hampering the COVID-19 pandemic on rural tourism in Malaysia.
revisit intention, rural tourism; post-Covid-19, pandemic
ENHANCING MALAYSIAN RURAL TOURISM RE-VISIT INTENTION IN THE POST-COVID-19 PERIOD
DEVELOPMENT OF A DISTRIBUTED SIGHTSEEING SUPPORT SYSTEM USING GIS AND RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM
It is expected that concerns or crisis for the overtourism will increase in Japan, in the post pandemic. As countermeasures for the overtourism, such as to provide tourists with visible congestion statuses at sightseeing destinations and guiding tourists to disperse are raised. Then, the present study aims to develop a sightseeing support system that encourages users to go distributed sightseeing through two original functions. One is the function that provide users with visible congestion statuses by utilizing Web-geographic information systems (GIS). The other is that guides users to disperse by utilizing a recommendation system. These functions are implemented by utilizing reviews collected from web tourism medias. The system was developed by integrating social networking service (SNS), Web-GIS, and a recommendation system. Additionally, the system was operated for 12 people for one week in Kamakura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. And the system evaluated with web questionnaire survey. For operation, 30,357 reviews and 256 sightseeing spots and restaurants information were collected. From the results of questionnaire survey, the system can encourage users to consider desirable seasons or places when they plan to go sightseeing, and to make their interest for sightseeing spots which they did not know until then. Therefore, the system can encourage users to go distributed sightseeing.
SIGHTSEEING PLANNING SUPPORT SYSTEM ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
In recent years, it has been easier to obtain various information on the Internet, and people have to select appropriate information from among the large amount of information available. This can also be said about sightseeing information. As it is difficult for tourists to find the information that suits their purposes by themselves, a system that effectively provides the appropriate information to them is necessary. On the other hand, in order to provide users with real-time information, it is necessary to urge them to continue using the system, and it is effective to adopt gamification to increase users’ motivation to continuously utilize the system. Against the above backdrop, in order to support users’ enjoyment in creating efficient and pleasant sightseeing plans, this study aims to develop a sightseeing planning support system that incorporates gamification to increase motivation and combines with web-geographic in-formation systems (Web-GIS) and sightseeing planning and sharing system. The system was operated over a period of seven weeks in Chofu City, in Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. Based on the results of a questionnaire survey for 51 users, though the operability of the 3 main functions incorporated with motivation by gamification was rated lower than those of the 2 basic functions, their use-fulness was highly rated. Based on the results of the access log analysis, it was effective to design the system so that the same functions can be used regardless of the type of information terminal. Additionally, it was evident that the continuous utilization of the system could increase the number of sightseeing plans made by the users.
sightseeing plan making and sharing system
web geographic information systems(Web-GISs)
Social Media Content and Service Delivery Empowerment in Hospitality business in Nigeria
Abstract The research examines the current state of social media content and service delivery empowerment in hospitality and tourism businesses in Nigeria and it focuses on the relevance of social media as a panacea to the tourism sector. The study builds from previous studies, especially those in the areas that are related to the study. The objectives of the study were to examine if tourists find related information through a social media platform used by the tourism and hospitality business in Nigeria. It also examines if Social media empowers the customers in the choice of services offered by hospitality and tourism businesses in Nigeria and to identify if user-generated content on social media influences the quality of service offered by hospitality and tourism businesses in Nigeria. The methodology employed in this study was quantitative analysis. A Purposive or non-probability sampling technique in selecting the respondents (hospitality and tourism business in Bauchi) from the population of the study was adopted. The result obtained uncovered that online reviews is the most used social media medium which is common among all the respondents and it also revealed that there is a high relation between social media platform and the quality of services offered which indicated an influence of social media and the quality of services offered. Keyword: Social Media, Empowerment, Tourism, Hospitality, Service Delivery
A Model of Meaning of Work, Work Engagement, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention in Jakarta and Bali Hotel Employees
The hospitality industry, especially the hotel sector, is one of the world’s highest in staff turnover rate. This is also the case in Indonesia, where the hotel industry is rife with problems related to high staff turnover. In this paper, we explore how hotel employees view the meaning of their work and how it contributes to their work engagement, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Based on the data collected from 406 hotel employees in Jakarta and Bali, a structural equation model (SEM) was used to examine if hotel employees’ meaning of work influences their engagement with their work, commitment to the organization, and turnover intention. The results indicated that employees’ meaning of work positively influenced work engagement, and work engagement positively influenced organizational commitment. Work engagement was found to be an indirect-only mediator in the relationship between meaning of work and organizational commitment. Additionally, organizational commitment was also found to negatively influenced turnover intention. As the first study of its kind in Indonesia, this paper provides an invaluable starting point for examining the dynamics of meaningful work with employee engagement, commitment, and turnover in Indonesian hotel employees.
An Analysis of Destination Attributes for Attracting International Millennial to Kandy City
The purpose of this study is to identify important destination attributes of Kandy city and examine how and to what extent those attributes impact on international tourists’ decision on choosing their destination. A proposed model was formulated and it postulates that international tourists’ perception of Kandy City important attributes that impacts on their decision making in three ways: (1) directly; (2) it influences on the overall image of Kandy city, and in turn, influences their decision; (3) it also impacts on the international tourists’ overall satisfaction with their trip to Kandy city, and in turn, influences their own or their peripheral people future decision on destination selection. Destination attributes were identified based on a triangulation approach prior to the research. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. One hundred and sixty (160) international tourists (millennial) were selected as the sample. In addition, 15 millennial tourists were interviewed to prove the findings of survey further. The valid data collected was computed by means of the SPSS to gain basic frequency statistics. The results also showed that, the Kandy city attributes revealed different importance levels in influencing tourists’ destination decision making, formation of Kandy city overall image, and the tourists’ satisfaction.
Impact of Restaurant Attributes on Customer Perceived Value and Customer Satisfaction:
Despite its popularity, the concept of customer satisfaction in the service industry in the marketing literature is still able to examine. The significant growth of the restaurant industry has made a strong contribution to the food and beverage sector in the hospitality industry. Modern customers are expecting broad experience from restaurants beyond food and beverages. Hence beach restaurants have been popularized all around the world. However, satisfying the customers has become challenging in the service sector like restaurant industry due to the high competition. It is essential to maintain particular attributes to create customer perceived value and ultimately satisfy the customers. This contemporary study has conducted to identify the impact of restaurant attributes on customer perceived value and customer satisfaction specifically in the beach restaurants in the Southern coastal area in Sri Lanka. Three hundred and eighty-five tourists who fulfilled their dining requirements at the beach restaurants in the Southern coastal area were selected using a convenient sampling technique and a self-administered questionnaire was fielded to collect primary data. Mediator analysis has conducted through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique and SmartPLS software has used to analyze data. Five underlying factors were analyzed under restaurant attributes; of food and drink-related attributes, ambience and atmosphere related attributes, price-related attributes, location and place related attributes, and service-related attributes. The results reveal that the perceived value has the potential to be fully mediating variable between restaurant attributes and customer satisfaction in beach restaurants. Service providers of beach restaurants can enhance the uniqueness of restaurant attributes to enhance customer perceived value and ultimately it will enhance customer satisfaction as well.
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Assessing the Tourism Destination Image of Taraba State Nigeria
Assessing the tourism image of a place, provide an important diagnostic insight into how people see tourism in a destination, which is a very important marketing tool for planning, development and promotion of the tourism industry. The aim of this study is to access the image of tourism in Taraba state and to suggest measures that can improve and sustain a positive tourism image for the state. The study was taken at five sample tourist sites in which eight hundred (800) tourists were sample in the state using non proportional quota sampling technique. The study established that peace safety and security are prerequisite requirement for a positive destination image. The study confirmed that Taraba state is very rich in tourist attractions which if adequately planned developed promoted managed will make her one of the leading tourist destinations in Nigeria. However, the image of the state has rotated between positive when the state enjoyed peace, safety and security and negative during the incessant cycle of violent communal crisis that have befallen the state since 2002. To achieve a good attractive and sustainable tourism destination image of Taraba state the study made some recommendations to include religious political and ethnic tolerance and understanding as well as provision of adequate security for sustainable peace enthronement good tourism planning, development and promotion. Keywords: Destination, Image, Taraba State, Tourism, Perception
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Examining Dimensions of Halal Tourism Attributes and Tourist Experience to Enhance Destination Image
Halal tourism is currently widely applied to meet the needs of Muslim tourists and increase the interest and number of tourists to visit by several countries. This study examines the influences of halal tourism attributes and tourist’s travel experience on destination image. More specifically, this study aims to identify the role of each dimensions of halal tourism attributes and travel experience in enhancing destination image to further provide innovation on the services provided by management. Five dimensions of halal tourism attributes (social environment, facilities, food & beverages, service, and staff), four dimensions of travel experience (escapism, entertainment, esthetics, and education), and four dimensions of destination image (scenery, infrastructure, affective, and water sports) were identified from previous studies. Data were collected by distributing self-administered online questionnaire to 330 respondents who have visited Lombok in the last two years. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze the data using PLS-SEM to examine the impact of dimensions and variables that influence destination image. The results show that both halal tourism attributes (HTA) and travel experience (TE) positively influence destination image (DI), with TE has the stronger impact on DI. Partial least squares regression analysis shows that from all the dimensions of TE, entertainment and escapism have the strongest influence, while for HTA, food & beverages and facilities have biggest value in developing halal friendly attributes. Meanwhile, from all the dimensions of DI, the affective dimension shows the biggest value. The results show that tourist experience together with halal tourism factors can positively affect the destination image of Lombok. Therefore, to be able to innovate on the services provided in this tourism sector, managers can focus on developing halal friendly attributes while keep entertaining the tourists to develop positive destination image.